Introduction to Biology:-

The branch of natural science under which living beings and their various aspect like morphology, classification interaction with the surroundings etc is called biology.

Aristotle is called the father of biology.

Biology was pronounced bye two scientists lamark and travers in 1801.

Biology was classified into two branches botany and zoology.

Caralous linnaeous is called father of taxonomy.

R-H whittaker classified into five kingdoms.

  1. Monera
  2. Protista
  3. Plantae
  4. Fungi
  5. Animalia

1.  Monera:-

In this kingdom unicellular creatures specially which are aquatic like amolba whose cells are cukarytic and their nucleaur are developed, have been kept.

2. Protista:-

These unicellular creatures are similar to the kingdom but these are eukaryotic.

3. Plantae:-

All colored multicellular plants which frequently exhibit the phenomenon of photosynthesis and whose cells have vacuole have been kept. The organisms like mass, algae almost all plants.

4. Fungi:-

The organisms are eukaryotic and the phenomenon of photosynthesis does not occur. Nutrition in such cells are completed by the absorption and so cells are heterotrophic these are saprophytes or parasites, cell walls are made up of chitin.

5. Animalia:-

The creatures like a hydra, gelfish, starfish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, mammalian etc.have been kept under this kingdom.

Nomenclature of the organism

Nomenclature means an international system of standardised New Latin names used in biology for kinds and groups of kinds of animals and plants.

It was pronounced by the help of two words.

First generic name and second species name.

Example:- 

scientific name (man)- homo sapiens linn

Here homo: generic name

Sapiens: spices name

Linn: name of taxonomer scientist

S.NO ORGANISAMS SCIENTIFIC NAME
1 Man Homo sapiens
2 Cat Felis Domestica
3 Cow Bos indicus
4 Mango Mangifera indica
5 Wheat Triticum aestivum
6 Gram Cicer artictinnm
7 Frog Rana tigrina
8 Dog Canis familiaris
9 House fly Musca domestica
10 Rice Oryza sativa
11 Pea Pisum sativam
12 Mustard Brassica campessric

 

swamy ranga